Article 117 of the Indian Constitution
Title: Special provisions as to financial Bills
📜 What Article 117 Deals With:
Article 117 explains the procedure for introducing and passing Financial Bills in Parliament, and distinguishes between Money Bills (Article 110) and other Financial Bills.
✅ Types of Financial Bills:
There are 3 types of financial bills in India:
| Type | Description | Article |
|---|---|---|
| Money Bill | Contains only matters in Article 110 (like taxes, borrowings, Consolidated Fund, etc.) | Article 110 |
| Financial Bill (Category I) | Contains any of the matters in Article 110 plus other matters | Article 117(1) |
| Financial Bill (Category II) | Involves expenditure from Consolidated Fund but does not contain any Article 110 matter | Article 117(3) |
🔍 Key Provisions of Article 117:
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Article 117(1):
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A Financial Bill containing Article 110 matters + other provisions:
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Can only be introduced in Lok Sabha.
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Needs the President's recommendation before introduction.
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Article 117(2):
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A Bill that includes any matter in Article 110:
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Cannot be introduced or considered in either House without the President's recommendation.
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Article 117(3):
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A Bill that involves expenditure from the Consolidated Fund of India, but is not a Money Bill:
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Can be introduced in either House.
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But President's recommendation is needed before passing (not necessarily before introduction).
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🏛️ Why Article 117 Matters:
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Ensures constitutional safeguards on introduction of Bills that affect national finances.
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Maintains the financial supremacy of the Lok Sabha.
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Requires executive (President’s) control over financial matters initiated in Parliament.
🔁 Quick Summary Table:
| Clause | Type of Bill | Who Introduces? | President's Recommendation | Which House? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 117(1) | Financial Bill (I) | Lok Sabha only | Before introduction | Lok Sabha only |
| 117(2) | Contains Article 110 matters | Any House | Before consideration | Depends |
| 117(3) | Financial Bill (II) | Any House | Before passing | Either |
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