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What is Article 116 of indian constitution

 

Article 116 of the Indian Constitution

Title: Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants


📜 Purpose of Article 116:

Article 116 provides temporary financial powers to the government when normal budget procedures cannot be followed, especially in emergencies or before a full budget is passed.


Key Provisions of Article 116:

  1. Vote on Account:

    • A temporary grant to meet regular government expenses (like salaries, pensions, subsidies) before the actual budget is passed.

    • Usually passed for 2 months.

    • Not meant for new services, only for ongoing, essential expenses.

    • Example: When a new government is elected and needs time to prepare a full budget.

  2. Vote of Credit:

    • Passed when there is an unforeseen need for expenditure, like war, natural disaster, or national emergency.

    • Parliament does not have time to go through detailed procedures.

    • Known as a "blank cheque" to the government for urgent matters.

  3. Exceptional Grants:

    • Used for special purposes, which are not included in the current budget.

    • Requires Parliamentary approval through a separate Bill.


🏛️ Why Article 116 is Important:

  • Gives the government flexibility to handle urgent or temporary financial needs.

  • Maintains continuity of governance even when full budget approval is pending.

  • Ensures Parliamentary control over all spending, even in emergencies.


🔁 Simplified Example:

Type of Grant Purpose When Used
Vote on Account Routine expenses until budget is passed Start of financial year or elections
Vote of Credit Urgent expenses without detailed discussion War, natural calamities, emergency
Exceptional Grant Specific expenditure outside regular budget Special schemes or one-time expenses