Article 113 of the Indian Constitution deals with the Procedure in Parliament with respect to Estimates, i.e., how the Union Budget (Annual Financial Statement) is discussed and passed in Parliament, especially in the Lok Sabha.
📜 Text Summary of Article 113:
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Estimates are submitted in the form of Demands for Grants:
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After the Annual Financial Statement is laid before both Houses (as per Article 112), expenditure estimates are submitted to the Lok Sabha in the form of Demands for Grants.
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Voting Rights:
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Only the Lok Sabha has the right to vote on Demands for Grants.
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The Rajya Sabha can discuss, but cannot vote on these demands.
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Charged vs. Votable Expenditures:
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Charged expenditures (like salaries of judges, President, CAG etc.) are not submitted for vote, though they can be discussed.
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Other expenditures require the approval (vote) of the Lok Sabha.
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✅ Key Concepts in Article 113:
| Type of Expenditure | Voting in Parliament? |
|---|---|
| Charged on Consolidated Fund | ❌ Not voted (Only discussed) |
| Other (Votable) Expenditures | ✅ Voted by Lok Sabha |
🏛️ Importance of Article 113:
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Ensures parliamentary control over government spending.
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Gives financial supremacy to the Lok Sabha (since it is directly elected by the people).
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Establishes transparency and accountability in public expenditure.
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