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| What is Article 75 of Indian constitution |
Article 75 of the Indian Constitution deals with the appointment, tenure, responsibilities, and salaries of the Prime Minister and other Union Ministers.
📜 Text of Article 75 (Simplified)
🔹 Clause (1): Appointment
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The Prime Minister is appointed by the President.
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The other Ministers are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.
👉 This means the President cannot appoint ministers independently.
🔹 Clause (2): Tenure
The Ministers hold office during the pleasure of the President, but in practice, they stay as long as they have the confidence of the Lok Sabha.
✅ If the Prime Minister loses the majority in Lok Sabha, the whole Council of Ministers must resign.
🔹 Clause (3): Collective Responsibility
The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.
📌 This means:
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If the Lok Sabha passes a vote of no-confidence, the entire Council (including PM) must resign.
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The ministers must work together, and all are responsible for Cabinet decisions.
🔹 Clause (4): Oath
Before entering office, ministers take an oath of office and secrecy, administered by the President.
🔹 Clause (5): Salaries
The salaries and allowances of ministers are decided by Parliament.
✅ Summary of Article 75
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Appointment | PM is appointed by President; other ministers on PM’s advice |
| Tenure | Ministers serve at the pleasure of the President (practically tied to Lok Sabha confidence) |
| Responsibility | Council is collectively responsible to Lok Sabha |
| Oath | Must take oath of office and secrecy before functioning |
| Salary | Decided by Parliament |
🧾 Real-Life Example
When a Prime Minister resigns or loses majority, the entire Council of Ministers has to step down, even if some ministers were personally popular or not directly involved in any controversy.
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