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Article 42 of the Indian Constitution is a part of the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP). It directs the State (government) to ensure humane and fair conditions of work and to provide for maternity relief for women workers.
📜 Text of Article 42 (Simplified)
“The State shall make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work and for maternity relief.”
✅ Explanation of Article 42
| Directive | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Just and humane work conditions | The government must ensure that workers are treated with dignity, safety, and fairness in their workplace. |
| Maternity relief | Working women should get paid leave and proper support during pregnancy and childbirth. |
🏛️ Purpose of Article 42
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Promote worker welfare and gender equality
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Protect labor rights
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Help working women balance family and employment
🛠️ Laws Based on Article 42
| Law / Scheme | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Factories Act, 1948 | Safe working conditions in factories |
| Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 (amended 2017) | Paid maternity leave up to 26 weeks |
| Code on Social Security, 2020 | Includes provisions for maternity benefits and safe workplaces |
🧠 Real-World Example
A company must:
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Provide clean, safe, and healthy working conditions
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Give paid maternity leave to pregnant women workers
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Not exploit workers by making them work excessive hours or in unsafe conditions
📌 Summary of Article 42
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Type of provision | Directive Principle of State Policy (not enforceable in court) |
| Main goals | 1. Humane work conditions 2. Maternity relief |
| Who benefits | Workers, especially women employees |
| Related laws | Factories Act, Maternity Benefit Act, Labour Codes |
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