🧾 Article 294 of the Indian Constitution
Title: Succession to property, assets, rights, liabilities and obligations in certain cases
🔍 Explanation:
Article 294 deals with the transfer of ownership and responsibility of government property and obligations from the British Government (before independence) to the Government of India and State Governments after the adoption of the Constitution.
It ensures a smooth legal and administrative transition from colonial rule to independent India.
📘 Key Provisions of Article 294:
| Provision | Details |
|---|---|
| Clause (a) | All property and assets that belonged to the Dominion of India (before 1950) shall now belong to the Union of India. |
| Clause (b) | All rights, liabilities, and obligations of the British Indian Government shall be assumed by: |
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The Union of India, or
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The respective State Governments, as the case may be. |
📊 Summary Chart: Article 294
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Article | 294 |
| Applies To | Union and State Governments |
| Transferred From | The British Government/Dominion of India |
| What Is Transferred? | - Property and assets - Rights and liabilities - Legal obligations |
| Beneficiaries | - Government of India - State Governments |
| Purpose | Legal continuity and smooth transition of administration after independence |
🧠 Why Article 294 is Important:
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Forms the legal basis for ownership of government buildings, railways, land, etc. post-independence.
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Ensures States and Union automatically inherit assets and debts without confusion or legal gaps.
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Essential for maintaining administrative and legal continuity.
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