📜 Article 196 of the Indian Constitution
Title: Provisions as to introduction and passing of Bills
🔹 Text Summary:
Article 196 lays down the procedure for the introduction and passing of bills in a State Legislature, especially in states that have a bicameral legislature (i.e., both Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council).
📌 Clause-wise Breakdown:
| Clause | Provision |
|---|---|
| (1) | A Bill may originate in either House of the State Legislature (Assembly or Council). |
| (2) | A Bill is considered passed when: |
| – It is passed by both Houses of the Legislature, if the state is bicameral, or | |
| – Passed by the Legislative Assembly, if unicameral. | |
| (3) | A Bill pending in the Legislature does not lapse: |
| – Due to prorogation (temporary suspension of the House by the Governor). | |
| (4) | But a Bill does lapse if: |
| – It is pending in the Assembly and the Assembly is dissolved. | |
| 🚫 Exception: If the Bill has already been passed by one House, and is pending in the other, it does not lapse. |
🧠 Key Takeaways:
-
Ensures parliamentary procedure is followed in law-making at the state level.
-
Lays the foundation for legislative process in both unicameral and bicameral states.
-
Defines conditions under which bills lapse or survive after dissolution.
🔁 Examples:
| Scenario | Does the Bill Lapse? |
|---|---|
| Bill passed by Assembly but pending in Council | ❌ No |
| Bill pending in Assembly, Assembly dissolved | ✅ Yes |
| Bill pending in Council, Assembly dissolved | ❌ No |
| House prorogued (temporarily suspended) | ❌ No lapse |
⚖️ Related Articles:
| Article | Subject |
|---|---|
| 107 | Introduction and passing of bills in Parliament |
| 198 | Governor’s assent to State Bills |
| 200 | Procedure after bill is passed |
🏛️ Applicable To:
-
States with unicameral legislatures (like Kerala, Punjab):
👉 Only the Legislative Assembly is involved. -
States with bicameral legislatures (like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra):
👉 Both Assembly and Council are involved.
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