Article 107 of the Indian Constitution deals with the introduction and passing of Bills in the Parliament of India — that is, how laws are proposed, debated, and passed by the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
📜 Simplified Explanation of Article 107
🔹 Clause (1): Origin of Bills
Any Bill (except Money Bills) can be introduced in either House of Parliament — Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha.
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This includes ordinary bills and constitutional amendment bills (money bills have different rules under Article 110).
🔹 Clause (2): Passing of Bills
A Bill becomes law only after it is passed by both Houses of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha), and then receives the President's assent under Article 111.
🔹 Clause (3): Pending Bills & Dissolution of Lok Sabha
If a Bill is pending in Lok Sabha and the Lok Sabha is dissolved, the Bill lapses (gets cancelled).
🔹 Clause (4): Exception — Bill passed by Rajya Sabha
If a Bill is pending only in the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha is dissolved, the Bill does not lapse.
It can be revived and taken up again when the new Lok Sabha is formed.
✅ Key Points of Article 107
| Clause | Provision | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| (1) | Any Bill (except Money Bill) can start in any House | Ordinary and constitutional amendment bills can start in either House |
| (2) | Both Houses must pass a Bill | No Bill becomes law unless both Houses pass it and President signs |
| (3) | Pending Bill in Lok Sabha lapses if it dissolves | Lok Sabha dissolved = Bill cancelled if not passed yet |
| (4) | Pending Bill in Rajya Sabha does not lapse | Can be resumed later in new Lok Sabha |
🧾 Example
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If a criminal law amendment bill is introduced in Rajya Sabha and not passed before Lok Sabha is dissolved, it can continue after elections.
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But if it was pending only in Lok Sabha, it laps and must be reintroduced.
📌 Summary of Article 107
| Topic | Rule |
|---|---|
| Introduction of Bill | In either House, except Money Bills |
| Passing requirement | Must be passed by both Houses + President’s assent |
| Lapsing on dissolution | ✅ Lapses if pending in Lok Sabha only |
| Rajya Sabha pending Bill | ❌ Does not lapse |
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