What is Article 83 of Indian constitution ?|Article 83 of the Indian Constitution defines the duration (term) of the two Houses of the Indian Parliament — Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States).

 

What is Article 83 of Indian constitution ?

Article 83 of the Indian Constitution defines the duration (term) of the two Houses of the Indian Parliament — Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States).

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📜 Text of Article 83 (Simplified)

🔹 Clause (1): Rajya Sabha (Council of States)

The Rajya Sabha is a permanent body and shall not be dissolved.
However, one-third of its members retire every 2 years.

📝 New members are elected to replace the retiring ones, so it continues functioning without interruption.

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🔹 Clause (2): Lok Sabha (House of the People)

The Lok Sabha has a term of 5 years from the date of its first meeting.
But it can be dissolved earlier by the President.

During a national emergency, the term of Lok Sabha can be extended by Parliament, one year at a time, but not more than six months after the emergency ends.

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✅ Key Points of Article 83

House	Term / Duration
Rajya Sabha	Permanent body; 1/3rd members retire every 2 years
Lok Sabha	Normally 5 years; can be dissolved early
Emergency Rule	Lok Sabha's term can be extended (1 year at a time, max till 6 months after emergency ends)

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🧾 Example

• 17th Lok Sabha started in June 2019. Its term is till June 2024, unless dissolved earlier.

• During the 1975 Emergency, the Lok Sabha's term was extended beyond 5 years using this provision.

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📌 Summary of Article 83

Feature	Rajya Sabha	Lok Sabha
Dissolution	❌ Cannot be dissolved	✅ Can be dissolved by President
Term	Permanent; 1/3rd retire every 2 years	5 years (normal term)
Emergency Extension Allowed?	Not applicable	✅ Yes, during national emergency

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