What is Article 83 of Indian constitution ? |
Article 83 of the Indian Constitution defines the duration (term) of the two Houses of the Indian Parliament — Lok Sabha (House of the People) and Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
📜 Text of Article 83 (Simplified)
🔹 Clause (1): Rajya Sabha (Council of States)
The Rajya Sabha is a permanent body and shall not be dissolved.
However, one-third of its members retire every 2 years.
📝 New members are elected to replace the retiring ones, so it continues functioning without interruption.
🔹 Clause (2): Lok Sabha (House of the People)
The Lok Sabha has a term of 5 years from the date of its first meeting.
But it can be dissolved earlier by the President.
During a national emergency, the term of Lok Sabha can be extended by Parliament, one year at a time, but not more than six months after the emergency ends.
✅ Key Points of Article 83
House | Term / Duration |
---|---|
Rajya Sabha | Permanent body; 1/3rd members retire every 2 years |
Lok Sabha | Normally 5 years; can be dissolved early |
Emergency Rule | Lok Sabha's term can be extended (1 year at a time, max till 6 months after emergency ends) |
🧾 Example
-
17th Lok Sabha started in June 2019. Its term is till June 2024, unless dissolved earlier.
-
During the 1975 Emergency, the Lok Sabha's term was extended beyond 5 years using this provision.
📌 Summary of Article 83
Feature | Rajya Sabha | Lok Sabha |
---|---|---|
Dissolution | ❌ Cannot be dissolved | ✅ Can be dissolved by President |
Term | Permanent; 1/3rd retire every 2 years | 5 years (normal term) |
Emergency Extension Allowed? | Not applicable | ✅ Yes, during national emergency |
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